Lesson 89-92 | 核心句型：卖房、我在这里住了二十年 | 语法点：现在完成时since/for用法、延续性动词与瞬间动词转换、现在完成时专项复习
现在完成时中，for和since都用来表示动作持续的时间，但用法不同：
for + 时间段
since + 时间点
转换公式：
现在完成时与for/since连用时，必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词不能直接与表示一段时间的状语连用，需要转换：
| 瞬间动词 | 词义 | 延续性动词/状态 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| buy | 买 | have | I bought the car last year. → I have had the car for one year. |
| borrow | 借 | keep | He borrowed the book last week. → He has kept the book for a week. |
| arrive / come / go | 到达/来/去 | be in / be at | She arrived in Beijing last month. → She has been in Beijing for a month. |
| leave | 离开 | be away from | He left home two days ago. → He has been away from home for two days. |
| join | 加入 | be in / be a member of | I joined the club last year. → I have been in the club for a year. |
| begin / start | 开始 | be on | The film began ten minutes ago. → The film has been on for ten minutes. |
| die | 死 | be dead | His grandfather died five years ago. → His grandfather has been dead for five years. |
| marry | 结婚 | be married | They married ten years ago. → They have been married for ten years. |
判断方法：
现在完成时可以表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的状态或动作，常与for/since连用：
will表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用：
| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| find | found | found | 找到 |
| fly | flew | flown | 飞 |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | 忘记 |
| get | got | got/gotten | 得到 |
| give | gave | given | 给 |
| go | went | gone | 去 |
| grow | grew | grown | 生长 |
| have | had | had | 有 |
| hear | heard | heard | 听见 |
| hold | held | held | 握住 |
| keep | kept | kept | 保持 |
| know | knew | known | 知道 |
| learn | learned/learnt | learned/learnt | 学习 |
| leave | left | left | 离开 |
| let | let | let | 让 |
1. I have lived in this city ______ I was born.
2. She has studied English ______ three years.
3. They have been married ______ 2010.
4. We haven't seen each other ______ a long time.
5. He has worked in this factory ______ he left school.
1. since 2. for 3. since 4. for 5. since
1. He ______ (buy) the bike ten years ago. He ______ (have) it for ten years.
2. The film ______ (begin) five minutes ago. It ______ (be on) for five minutes.
3. She ______ (leave) home two days ago. She ______ (be away from) home for two days.
4. I ______ (borrow) the book last week. I ______ (keep) it for a week.
5. They ______ (marry) in 2008. They ______ (be married) for 18 years.
1. bought, has had 2. began, has been on 3. left, has been away from 4. borrowed, have kept 5. married, have been married
1. Miss Green isn't in the office. She ______ to the library.
A. has gone B. has been C. went
2. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to
3. The students have cleaned the classroom, ______?
A. so they B. don't they C. haven't they
4. - ______ have you been here? - Since last year.
A. How far B. How long C. How soon
5. His grandma ______ for two years.
A. died B. has died C. has been dead
1. A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C
1. I have lived here for ten years.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ have you lived here?
2. He has been a League member for three years.（改为同义句）
He has been a League member ______ three years ______.
3. The bus arrived here ten minutes ago.（改为同义句）
The bus ______ ______ here for ten minutes.
4. I have already finished my homework.（改为否定句）
I ______ finished my homework ______.
1. How long 2. since, ago 3. has been 4. haven't, yet
1. 我学英语已经五年了。
2. 这本书我已经借了三周了。
3. 他离开北京已经两个月了。
4. 我从2000年起就住在这个城市。
5. 他们结婚已经15年了。
1. I have studied English for five years.
2. I have kept the book for three weeks.
3. He has been away from Beijing for two months.
4. I have lived in this city since 2000.
5. They have been married for 15 years.