首页 > 第25-28课 There be句型

第25-28课 There be句型

Lesson 25-28 | 核心句型：There is a/an... / There are... | 语法点：There be结构、方位介词

核心句型

1. 第25-26课描述房间物品

Mrs. Smith's kitchen is small. 史密斯太太的厨房很小。

There is a refrigerator in the kitchen. 厨房里有个电冰箱。

The refrigerator is white. 冰箱是白色的。

It is on the right. 它位于房间右侧。

There is an electric cooker in the kitchen. 厨房里有个电灶。

The cooker is blue. 电灶是蓝色的。

It is on the left. 它位于房间左侧。

There is a table in the middle of the room. 房间的中央有张桌子。

There is a bottle on the table. 桌子上有个瓶子。

The bottle is empty. 瓶子是空的。

There is a cup on the table, too. 桌子上还有一只杯子。

The cup is clean. 杯子很干净。

2. 第27-28课描述客厅物品

Mrs. Smith's living room is large. 史密斯太太的客厅很大。

There are some armchairs in the living room. 客厅里有几把扶手椅。

There is a television in the room. 客厅里有台电视机。

The television is near the window. 电视机靠近窗子。

There are some magazines on the television. 电视机上放着几本杂志。

There is a table in the room. 客厅里有张桌子。

There are some newspapers on the table. 桌上放着几份报纸。

There are some stereo systems in the room. 房间里有几台立体声音响。

The stereo systems are near the door. 音响靠近门。

There are some books on the stereo systems. 音响上有几本书。

There are some pictures on the wall. 墙上挂着几幅画。

The pictures are on the wall. 画挂在墙上。

语法知识点

1. There be句型基本用法

There be句型表示"某地存在某物/某人"，强调"存在关系"，而不是"拥有"。

（1）基本结构：

There is + 单数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语

There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。

There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。

There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语

There are three pens in the pencil-box. 铅笔盒里有三支钢笔。

There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有很多学生。

（2）主谓一致原则：就近原则

be动词的形式由离它最近的名词决定。

There is a pen and two books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。

There are two books and a pen on the desk. 书桌上有两本书和一支钢笔。

2. There be句型的四种形式

形式	结构	例句
肯定句	There is/are + 名词 + 地点	There is a cat under the tree. 树下有一只猫。
否定句	There is/are + not + 名词 + 地点	There isn't a cat under the tree. 树下没有猫。
一般疑问句	Is/Are + there + 名词 + 地点？	Is there a cat under the tree? 树下有猫吗？
特殊疑问句	疑问词 + is/are + there + 地点？	What is there under the tree? 树下有什么？

一般疑问句回答：

Is there a book on the desk? 书桌上有本书吗？

Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. 是的，有。/ 不，没有。

Are there any apples in the basket? 篮子里有苹果吗？

Yes, there are. / No, there aren't. 是的，有。/ 不，没有。

3. 方位介词

用来表示人或物的位置关系。

介词	含义	例句
in	在...里面	There is a book in the bag. 包里有一本书。
on	在...上面	There is a cup on the table. 桌子上有个杯子。
under	在...下面	There is a ball under the chair. 椅子下面有个球。
near	在...附近	There is a shop near our school. 我们学校附近有个商店。
next to	紧挨着	The bank is next to the post office. 银行紧挨着邮局。
in front of	在...前面	There is a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。
behind	在...后面	There is a garden behind the house. 房子后面有个花园。
between	在...之间	The bank is between the shop and the hotel. 银行在商店和宾馆之间。
on the left	在左边	The kitchen is on the left. 厨房在左边。
on the right	在右边	The bedroom is on the right. 卧室在右边。
in the middle of	在...中间	There is a table in the middle of the room. 房间中央有张桌子。

4. some和any的用法

词	含义	用法	例句
some	一些	用于肯定句中，可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词	There are some books on the desk. 桌子上有一些书。
any	一些，任何	用于否定句和疑问句中，可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词	There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没有书。 Are there any books on the desk? 桌子上有书吗？

注意：在表示请求、建议或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，也用some。

Would you like some coffee? 你想要些咖啡吗？

Can I have some water? 我能喝点水吗？

配套练习

练习一：用is或are填空

1. There ______ a book on the desk.

2. There ______ some apples in the basket.

are

3. ______ there a pen and two pencils in the box?

4. There ______ not any water in the bottle.

练习二：选择some或any填空

1. There are ______ books on the shelf.

some

2. There aren't ______ pictures on the wall.

any

3. Are there ______ students in the classroom?

any

练习三：翻译下列句子

1. 厨房里有个电冰箱。

There is a refrigerator in the kitchen.

2. 桌子上有一些杂志。

There are some magazines on the table.

3. 墙上没有画。

There aren't any pictures on the wall.

练习四：根据要求改写句子

1. There is a cup on the table.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）

Is there a cup on the table? No, there isn't.

2. There are some books on the shelf.（改为否定句）

There aren't any books on the shelf.